Which of the following terms is related to damage or wear on components due to cyclic stress?

The term that is related to damage or wear on components due to cyclic stress is "fretting." Fretting is a specific form of wear that occurs at the contact surfaces between materials, typically when there are small relative movements or oscillations caused by cyclic loads. This microscopic movement can lead to the breakdown of the protective oxide layers on the materials, resulting in surface damage and material loss over time.

Understanding fretting is crucial in various engineering applications, especially in components subjected to repeated stresses, as it can significantly affect the lifespan and reliability of mechanical assemblies. The phenomenon is often associated with fatigue and is particularly relevant in applications like bearings, fasteners, and other connections where load cycling is common.

The other terms do not specifically relate to cyclic stress in the same context. Fraying typically pertains to the wear of fibers or threads, flattening involves the deformation of a shape under pressure, and disbonding refers to the phenomenon where adhesive bonds fail, which is a different type of material failure unrelated to cyclic stress responses.