What is the German term for "overheating"?

The German term for "overheating" is indeed "Überhitzung." This term is derived from the prefix "über," meaning "over" or "excessive," combined with "Hitzung," which relates to heat. Therefore, "Überhitzung" specifically refers to a condition where something has become excessively hot, which is the essence of overheating.

The other terms, while they all contain the prefix "über," refer to different concepts: "Überdruck" translates to "overpressure," indicating an excessive pressure condition; "Überlastung" means "overloading," typically related to systems experiencing excessive loads; and "Umlenkung" translates to "deflection" or "diversion," which does not relate to temperature or heat at all. Thus, "Überhitzung" is the only option that accurately captures the concept of overheating.