How is the process where materials separate into layers described?

The process where materials separate into layers is referred to as delamination. This phenomenon commonly occurs in composite materials, where multiple layers are bonded together. When stress or environmental factors compromise the bond between these layers, delamination happens, resulting in the formation of distinct, separate layers. This can negatively impact the structural integrity and performance of the material.

The other terms mentioned represent different phenomena. Crazing refers to the formation of fine cracks on the surface of a material, often seen on plastics and glass. Deterioration describes the gradual decline in the quality or performance of a material over time, frequently due to factors like exposure to the elements, wear, or chemical reactions. Crushing, on the other hand, refers to the application of pressure that causes a material to deform or break, which does not involve the separation of layers. Thus, the choice of delamination accurately captures the intended meaning of layers separating within materials.